<?xml version="1.0"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
	<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Redhatter</id>
	<title>Amateur Radio Wiki - User contributions [en]</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Redhatter"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php/Special:Contributions/Redhatter"/>
	<updated>2026-05-02T03:13:43Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.38.1</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Nets&amp;diff=2479</id>
		<title>Nets</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Nets&amp;diff=2479"/>
		<updated>2009-02-02T11:37:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: Alternate frequency for Ipswich nets for those on 70cm.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The following is a list of nets, sorted by region.  If you know of some nets in your area, please add them here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= General coverage nets =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.cruiser.co.za/radionet.asp Marine and amateur radio nets]. Mostly marine HF but some amateur net lists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Australia (VK) =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Australia Wide Night Owl Insomnia Net (AWNOI)&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Friday Evening starting 1200UTC&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.600MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Danny (VK4SD), Terry (VK2MTW)&lt;br /&gt;
** Now available as a [http://stuartl.longlandclan.yi.org/blog/category/amateur-radio/awnoi-net/ podcast]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Queensland (VK4) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Brisbane Amateur Radio Club VHF Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Wednesday Evening starting 2000UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RBN, 147.000MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Don (VK4DS as VK4BA)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ipswich Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Daily starting at 0800UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeaters VK4RAI, 146.900MHz FM and VK4RWM, 438.375MHz FM (91.5Hz CTCSS)&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: John (VK4IE)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ipswich &amp;quot;Feather Duster&amp;quot; Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Tuesday evening starting 1930UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RAI, 146.900MHz FM and VK4RWM, 438.375MHz FM (91.5Hz CTCSS)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cabulture Radio Club Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Friday evening starting 1930UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.610MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: VK4QD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Redcliffe Radio Club Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Sunday evening starting 1945UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.618MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: VK4RC&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Possible alternatve format for VK nets page [[nets table ]]  :- comments please&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Nets&amp;diff=2478</id>
		<title>Nets</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Nets&amp;diff=2478"/>
		<updated>2009-02-02T11:35:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: Updated nets... AWNOI is now recorded and podcasted by yours truly (with Danny and Terry&amp;#039;s approval)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The following is a list of nets, sorted by region.  If you know of some nets in your area, please add them here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= General coverage nets =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.cruiser.co.za/radionet.asp Marine and amateur radio nets]. Mostly marine HF but some amateur net lists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Australia (VK) =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Australia Wide Night Owl Insomnia Net (AWNOI)&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Friday Evening starting 1200UTC&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.600MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Danny (VK4SD), Terry (VK2MTW)&lt;br /&gt;
** Now available as a [http://stuartl.longlandclan.yi.org/blog/category/amateur-radio/awnoi-net/ podcast]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Queensland (VK4) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Brisbane Amateur Radio Club VHF Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Wednesday Evening starting 2000UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RBN, 147.000MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Don (VK4DS as VK4BA)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ipswich Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Daily starting at 0800UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RAI, 146.900MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: John (VK4IE)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ipswich &amp;quot;Feather Duster&amp;quot; Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Tuesday evening starting 1930UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RAI, 146.900MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cabulture Radio Club Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Friday evening starting 1930UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.610MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: VK4QD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Redcliffe Radio Club Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Sunday evening starting 1945UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.618MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: VK4RC&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Possible alternatve format for VK nets page [[nets table ]]  :- comments please&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Nets&amp;diff=1886</id>
		<title>Nets</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Nets&amp;diff=1886"/>
		<updated>2008-08-08T12:13:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: BARC 10m net is cancelled for the moment due to bad conditions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The following is a list of nets, sorted by region.  If you know of some nets in your area, please add them here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= General coverage nets =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.cruiser.co.za/radionet.asp Marine and amateur radio nets]. Mostly marine HF but some amateur net lists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Australia (VK) =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Australia Wide Night Owl Insomnia Net (AWNOI)&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Friday Evening starting 1200UTC&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.600MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Danny (VK4GUN), Terry (VK2MTW)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Queensland (VK4) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Brisbane Amateur Radio Club VHF Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Wednesday Evening starting 2000UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RBN, 147.000MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Don (VK4DS as VK4BA)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ipswich Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Weekdays starting at 0800UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RAI, 146.900MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Ron (VK4RG)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ipswich &amp;quot;Feather Duster&amp;quot; Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Tuesday evening starting 1930UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RAI, 146.900MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cabulture Radio Club Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Friday evening starting 1930UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.610MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: VK4QD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Redcliffe Radio Club Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Sunday evening starting 1945UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.618MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: VK4RC&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Possible alternatve format for VK nets page [[nets table ]]  :- comments please&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Nets&amp;diff=1735</id>
		<title>Nets</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Nets&amp;diff=1735"/>
		<updated>2008-07-18T14:23:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: Some nets added... more to come I&amp;#039;m sure. ;-)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The following is a list of nets, sorted by region.  If you know of some nets in your area, please add them here.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Australia (VK) =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Australia Wide Night Owl Insomnia Net (AWNOI)&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Friday Evening starting 1200UTC&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.600MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Danny (VK4GUN), Terry (VK2MTW)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Queensland (VK4) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Brisbane Amateur Radio Club HF Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Monday Evening starting 2000UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** 28.450MHz USB, moving to 14.170MHz USB if conditions are bad&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Les (VK4ZLP as VK4BA)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Brisbane Amateur Radio Club VHF Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Wednesday Evening starting 2000UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RBN, 147.000MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Don (VK4DS as VK4BA)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ipswich Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Weekdays starting at 0800UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RAI, 146.900MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: Ron (VK4RG)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Ipswich &amp;quot;Feather Duster&amp;quot; Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Tuesday evening starting 1930UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** Repeater VK4RAI, 146.900MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cabulture Radio Club Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Friday evening starting 1930UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.610MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: VK4QD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Redcliffe Radio Club Net&lt;br /&gt;
** Every Sunday evening starting 1945UTC+10&lt;br /&gt;
** 3.618MHz LSB&lt;br /&gt;
** Net control: VK4RC&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Modes&amp;diff=1132</id>
		<title>Modes</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Modes&amp;diff=1132"/>
		<updated>2008-05-09T11:08:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: Re-arrange of headings... convert links to Wikipedia over to InterWiki links.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The term mode has varying meanings, according to the context, but the most common are permitted modes in amateur licensing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Waves have three characteristics that can be changed, Amplitude, Frequency and Phase.  A mode is the way of changing electromagnetic waves, &#039;&#039;&#039;modulating&#039;&#039;&#039; them so that transmission of information is possible. Modulating signals can be either analogue, for example sound or digital, for example simple binary on-off. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Analogue Modulation methods =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are two main &#039;&#039;&#039;analogue&#039;&#039;&#039; modes, or methods of modulation: Amplitude Modulation (AM), in which the phasor amplitude changes, and Angle Modulation, in which the phasor angle changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Double Sideband (DSB), Single Sideband (SSB) and Vestigal Sideband (VSB) are all forms of AM.&lt;br /&gt;
Frequency Modulation (FM) and Phase Modulation (PM) are all forms of Angle modulation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Amplitude Modulation (AM) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The transceiver produces a carrier wave at the frequency of transmission. Voice is superimposed on the carrier wave, and alters its shape by changing the &#039;&#039;&#039;Amplitude&#039;&#039;&#039; or height of the wave. Hence the frequency and wavelength of the carrier do not change with this form of modulation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [[Wikipedia:Amplitude_modulation|Amplitude Modulation]] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Double-Sideband Modulation (DSB) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Double Sideband is what&#039;s usually meant when people talk about AM.  In DSB transmissions, the message signal is transmitted in two sidebands, one being the mirror image of the other.  The carrier may be either transmitted at full power (DSB-FC), at reduced power (DSB-RC), or completely eliminated (DSB-SC).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conceptually, the power level at the carrier frequency, equates to the DC bias in the input signal.  Mathematically, it looks something like this:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;x(t) = (A + m(t))\cos( 2 \pi f_c t + \phi )&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Single-Sideband Modulation (SSB) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Single sideband is what you get if you take a DSB-SC signal, and pass it through a sharp high-pass or low-pass filter to reject the offending sideband.  It may be generated through high-pass/low-pass filter, or it may be done using a Harley Modulator, which cancels out the unwanted sideband through the use of a Hilbert Transform.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Frequency Modulation (FM) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The transceiver produces a carrier wave, in the same way as for Amplitude Modulation. In this case however, voice is added to the carrier so that is &#039;&#039;&#039;frequency&#039;&#039;&#039; changes. This in turn affects the wavelength of the carrier, but the amplitude remains constant.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See Wikipedia&#039;s [[Wikipedia:Frequency_modulation|Frequency Modulation]] article for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;x(t) = \cos( 2 \pi ( f_c + \Delta f m(t) t + \phi ) )&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phase Modulation (PM) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This mode is seldom used in amateur radio.  It&#039;s very similar to FM, but rather than the frequency changing, it&#039;s the phase of the signal that changes according to the modulating signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;x(t) = \cos( 2 \pi ( f_c t + \Delta \phi m(t) ) )&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The well-known [[Modes#Phase Shift Keying (PSK)|PSK31]] digital mode is a form of phase modulation. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Lesser known modes ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). In this mode, two carrier waves, 90° out of phase with each other are produced. QAM is a variant of AM, in which both carriers are modulated by an audio signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Digital modulation =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Technically, whenever a signal is turned on and off to enable transmission of information, it can be considered to be a digital mode. Under this definition, CW is certainly a digital mode. This section refers to methods of transmitting and receiving (rather than modulating) that are digital, or that require digital processing in part of the transmission or receiving process.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Continuous Wave (CW) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A continuous wave is an electromagnetic wave of constant amplitude and frequency, a pure carrier, and information is carried by turning the wave on and off, and measuring the interval. Morse code is often transmitted using CW.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [[Wikipedia:Continuous_wave|Wikipedia Continuous Wave]] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Radio Teletype (RTTY) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Amplitude Shift keying (ASK) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The amplitude of the carrier is varied according to a digital signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [[Wikipedia:Amplitude-shift_keying|Wikipedia Amplitude Shift Keying]] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The frequency of the carrier is varied according to a digital signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [[Wikipedia:Frequency-shift_keying|Wikipedia Frequency Shift Keying]] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phase Shift Keying (PSK) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The &#039;&#039;&#039;phase&#039;&#039;&#039; of the carrier is modulated by a digital signal. In its simplest terms, this could mean for example that the phase of the carrier is turned through 180° with each change in the digital signal. In practical terms, PSK allows long distance communication even when noise level are high.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [[Wikipedia:Phase-shift_keying|Wikipedia Phase Shift Keying]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Digital modes in practice ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The licensing regime defines digital modes as those modulation techniques that require digital data processing.  In Australia refer to the [http://www.acma.gov.au/WEB/STANDARD/pc=PC_1256 ACMA LCD] ( Licence Conditions Determination) for exact details. You will need to scroll down the page to find the link.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;What do digital modes sound like?&#039;&#039;&#039; [http://www.kb9ukd.com/digital/ Click here to find out.]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Related wiki pages [[Repeater listings]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[APRS]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[D-Star]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Echolink]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[IRLP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Slow-Scan Television (SSTV)|SSTV]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Modes&amp;diff=1131</id>
		<title>Modes</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Modes&amp;diff=1131"/>
		<updated>2008-05-09T11:02:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: /* Frequency Modulation (FM) */ Fixed a link to Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The term mode has varying meanings, according to the context, but the most common are permitted modes in amateur licensing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Waves have three characteristics that can be changed, Amplitude, Frequency and Phase.  A mode is the way of changing electromagnetic waves, &#039;&#039;&#039;modulating&#039;&#039;&#039; them so that transmission of information is possible. Modulating signals can be either analogue, for example sound or digital, for example simple binary on-off. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Analogue Modulation methods ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are two main &#039;&#039;&#039;analogue&#039;&#039;&#039; modes, or methods of modulation: Amplitude Modulation (AM), in which the phasor amplitude changes, and Angle Modulation, in which the phasor angle changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Double Sideband (DSB), Single Sideband (SSB) and Vestigal Sideband (VSB) are all forms of AM.&lt;br /&gt;
Frequency Modulation (FM) and Phase Modulation (PM) are all forms of Angle modulation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Amplitude Modulation (AM) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The transceiver produces a carrier wave at the frequency of transmission. Voice is superimposed on the carrier wave, and alters its shape by changing the &#039;&#039;&#039;Amplitude&#039;&#039;&#039; or height of the wave. Hence the frequency and wavelength of the carrier do not change with this form of modulation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [[Wikipedia:Amplitude_modulation|Amplitude Modulation]] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Double-Sideband Modulation (DSB) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Double Sideband is what&#039;s usually meant when people talk about AM.  In DSB transmissions, the message signal is transmitted in two sidebands, one being the mirror image of the other.  The carrier may be either transmitted at full power (DSB-FC), at reduced power (DSB-RC), or completely eliminated (DSB-SC).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conceptually, the power level at the carrier frequency, equates to the DC bias in the input signal.  Mathematically, it looks something like this:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;x(t) = (A + m(t))\cos( 2 \pi f_c t + \phi )&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Single-Sideband Modulation (SSB) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Single sideband is what you get if you take a DSB-SC signal, and pass it through a sharp high-pass or low-pass filter to reject the offending sideband.  It may be generated through high-pass/low-pass filter, or it may be done using a Harley Modulator, which cancels out the unwanted sideband through the use of a Hilbert Transform.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Frequency Modulation (FM) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The transceiver produces a carrier wave, in the same way as for Amplitude Modulation. In this case however, voice is added to the carrier so that is &#039;&#039;&#039;frequency&#039;&#039;&#039; changes. This in turn affects the wavelength of the carrier, but the amplitude remains constant.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See Wikipedia&#039;s [[Wikipedia:Frequency_modulation|Frequency Modulation]] article for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;x(t) = \cos( 2 \pi ( f_c + \Delta f m(t) t + \phi ) )&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phase Modulation (PM) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This mode is seldom used in amateur radio.  It&#039;s very similar to FM, but rather than the frequency changing, it&#039;s the phase of the signal that changes according to the modulating signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;x(t) = \cos( 2 \pi ( f_c t + \Delta \phi m(t) ) )&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The well-known [[Modes#Phase Shift Keying (PSK)|PSK31]] digital mode is a form of phase modulation. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Lesser known modes ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). In this mode, two carrier waves, 90° out of phase with each other are produced. QAM is a variant of AM, in which both carriers are modulated by an audio signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Digital modulation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Technically, whenever a signal is turned on and off to enable transmission of information, it can be considered to be a digital mode. Under this definition, CW is certainly a digital mode. This section refers to methods of transmitting and receiving (rather than modulating) that are digital, or that require digital processing in part of the transmission or receiving process.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Continuous Wave (CW) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A continuous wave is an electromagnetic wave of constant amplitude and frequency, a pure carrier, and information is carried by turning the wave on and off, and measuring the interval. Morse code is often transmitted using CW.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_wave Wikipedia Continuous Wave] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Radio Teletype (RTTY) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Amplitude Shift keying (ASK) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The amplitude of the carrier is varied according to a digital signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude-shift_keying Wikipedia Amplitude Shift Keying] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The frequency of the carrier is varied according to a digital signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-shift_keying Wikipedia Frequency Shift Keying] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phase Shift Keying (PSK) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The &#039;&#039;&#039;phase&#039;&#039;&#039; of the carrier is modulated by a digital signal. In its simplest terms, this could mean for example that the phase of the carrier is turned through 180° with each change in the digital signal. In practical terms, PSK allows long distance communication even when noise level are high.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-shift_keying Wikipedia Phase Shift Keying]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Digital modes in practice ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The licensing regime defines digital modes as those modulation techniques that require digital data processing.  In Australia refer to the [http://www.acma.gov.au/WEB/STANDARD/pc=PC_1256 ACMA LCD] ( Licence Conditions Determination) for exact details. You will need to scroll down the page to find the link.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;What do digital modes sound like?&#039;&#039;&#039; [http://www.kb9ukd.com/digital/ Click here to find out.]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Related wiki pages [[Repeater listings]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[APRS]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[D-Star]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Echolink]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[IRLP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Slow-Scan Television (SSTV)|SSTV]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=D-Star&amp;diff=1005</id>
		<title>D-Star</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=D-Star&amp;diff=1005"/>
		<updated>2008-04-01T23:04:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: Use WikiLink to Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;* [http://www.dstar.org.au/ &#039;&#039;&#039;Australian D-Star Web Site&#039;&#039;&#039;]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.dstarusers.org/ &#039;&#039;&#039;D-StarUsers.org&#039;&#039;&#039;]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Wikipedia:D-STAR|D-Star article on Wikipedia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Modes&amp;diff=1004</id>
		<title>Modes</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Modes&amp;diff=1004"/>
		<updated>2008-04-01T11:27:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: More in-depth detail on analogue modes&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The term mode has varying meanings, according to the context, but the most common are permitted modes in amateur licensing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Waves have three characteristics that can be changed, Amplitude, Frequency and Phase.  A mode is the way of changing electromagnetic waves, &#039;&#039;&#039;modulating&#039;&#039;&#039; them so that transmission of information is possible. Modulating signals can be either analogue, for example sound or digital, for example simple binary on-off. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Analogue Modulation methods ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are two main &#039;&#039;&#039;analogue&#039;&#039;&#039; modes, or methods of modulation: Amplitude Modulation (AM), in which the phasor amplitude changes, and Angle Modulation, in which the phasor angle changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Double Sideband (DSB), Single Sideband (SSB) and Vestigal Sideband (VSB) are all forms of AM.&lt;br /&gt;
Frequency Modulation (FM) and Phase Modulation (PM) are all forms of Angle modulation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Amplitude Modulation (AM) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The transceiver produces a carrier wave at the frequency of transmission. Voice is superimposed on the carrier wave, and alters its shape by changing the &#039;&#039;&#039;Amplitude&#039;&#039;&#039; or height of the wave. Hence the frequency and wavelength of the carrier do not change with this form of modulation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [[Wikipedia:Amplitude_modulation|Amplitude Modulation]] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Double-Sideband Modulation (DSB) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Double Sideband is what&#039;s usually meant when people talk about AM.  In DSB transmissions, the message signal is transmitted in two sidebands, one being the mirror image of the other.  The carrier may be either transmitted at full power (DSB-FC), at reduced power (DSB-RC), or completely eliminated (DSB-SC).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conceptually, the power level at the carrier frequency, equates to the DC bias in the input signal.  Mathematically, it looks something like this:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;x(t) = (A + m(t))\cos( 2 \pi f_c t + \phi )&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Single-Sideband Modulation (SSB) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Single sideband is what you get if you take a DSB-SC signal, and pass it through a sharp high-pass or low-pass filter to reject the offending sideband.  It may be generated through high-pass/low-pass filter, or it may be done using a Harley Modulator, which cancels out the unwanted sideband through the use of a Hilbert Transform.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Frequency Modulation (FM) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The transceiver produces a carrier wave, in the same way as for Amplitude Modulation. In this case however, voice is added to the carrier so that is &#039;&#039;&#039;frequency&#039;&#039;&#039; changes. This in turn affects the wavelength of the carrier, but the amplitude remains constant.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See Wikipedia&#039;s [[Wikipedia:Frequency_modulation Frequency Modulation]] article for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;x(t) = \cos( 2 \pi ( f_c + \Delta f m(t) t + \phi ) )&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phase Modulation (PM) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This mode is seldom used in amateur radio.  It&#039;s very similar to FM, but rather than the frequency changing, it&#039;s the phase of the signal that changes according to the modulating signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;x(t) = \cos( 2 \pi ( f_c t + \Delta \phi m(t) ) )&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The well-known [[Modes#Phase Shift Keying (PSK)|PSK31]] digital mode is a form of phase modulation. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Lesser known modes ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). In this mode, two carrier waves, 90° out of phase with each other are produced. QAM is a variant of AM, in which both carriers are modulated by an audio signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Digital modulation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Technically, whenever a signal is turned on and off to enable transmission of information, it can be considered to be a digital mode. Under this definition, CW is certainly a digital mode. This section refers to methods of transmitting and receiving (rather than modulating) that are digital, or that require digital processing in part of the transmission or receiving process.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Continuous Wave (CW) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A continuous wave is an electromagnetic wave of constant amplitude and frequency, a pure carrier, and information is carried by turning the wave on and off, and measuring the interval. Morse code is often transmitted using CW.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_wave Wikipedia Continuous Wave] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Radio Teletype (RTTY) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Amplitude Shift keying (ASK) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The amplitude of the carrier is varied according to a digital signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude-shift_keying Wikipedia Amplitude Shift Keying] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The frequency of the carrier is varied according to a digital signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-shift_keying Wikipedia Frequency Shift Keying] for more information.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Phase Shift Keying (PSK) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The &#039;&#039;&#039;phase&#039;&#039;&#039; of the carrier is modulated by a digital signal. In its simplest terms, this could mean for example that the phase of the carrier is turned through 180° with each change in the digital signal. In practical terms, PSK allows long distance communication even when noise level are high.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-shift_keying Wikipedia Phase Shift Keying]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Digital modes in practice ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The licensing regime defines digital modes as those modulation techniques that require digital data processing.  In Australia refer to the [http://www.acma.gov.au/WEB/STANDARD/pc=PC_1256 ACMA LCD] ( Licence Conditions Determination) for exact details. You will need to scroll down the page to find the link.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;What do digital modes sound like?&#039;&#039;&#039; [http://www.kb9ukd.com/digital/ Click here to find out.]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Related wiki pages [[Repeater listings]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[APRS]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[D-Star]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Echolink]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[IRLP]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Slow-Scan Television (SSTV)|SSTV]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=SSTV_Modes&amp;diff=1003</id>
		<title>SSTV Modes</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=SSTV_Modes&amp;diff=1003"/>
		<updated>2008-04-01T04:22:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: Ooopsie, in fixing syntax issues, I created one myself.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Some SSTV mode details&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the lists below:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
BW = Black and White&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
RGB = Red, Green and Blue parts of the image are sent separately and combined by the receiving software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
YC = Pics are sent as a combination of [[Wikipedia:Luminance|Luminance (Y)]] and [[Wikipedia:Chrominance|Chominance (C)]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== AVT ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
24  - RGB colour  24 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
90  - RGB colour  90 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
94  - RGB colour  94 sec scan  200 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
125 - RGB BW     125 sec scan  400 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Martin ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
M1  - RGB colour  114 sec scan  240 lines &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
M2  - RGB colour   58 sec scan  240 lines  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
M3  - RGB colour   57 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
M4  - RGB colour   29 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
HQ1 - YC colour    90 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
	                &lt;br /&gt;
HQ2 - YC colour   112 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pasokon TV ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P3  - RGB colour  203 sec scan  16+480 lines  High resolution&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P5  - RGB colour  305 sec scan  16+480 lines  High resolution&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P7  - RGB colour  406 sec scan  16+480 lines  High resolution&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== PD ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PD 240 - YC colour  248 sec scan  480 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PD 180 - YC colour  187 sec scan  480 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PD 160 - YC colour  161 sec scan  384 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PD 120 - YC colour  126 sec scan  480 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PD 90  - YC colour   90 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Robot ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
8   - BW   8 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
12  - BW  12 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
24  - BW  24 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
36  - BW  36 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
12  - YC colour   12 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
24  - YC colour   24 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
36  - YC colour   36 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
72  - YC colour   72 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Scottie ==&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
S1  - RGB colour  110 sec scan  240 lines  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
S2  - RGB colour   71 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
S3  - RGB colour   55 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
S4  - RGB colour   36 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
	                &lt;br /&gt;
DX  - RGB colour  269 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Wrasse ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;SC-1 &#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
24   - RGB colour   24 sec scan  120 lines &lt;br /&gt;
	                &lt;br /&gt;
48   - RGB colour   48 sec scan  240 lines &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
96   - RGB colour   96 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;SC-2&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
30   - RGB colour   30 sec scan  128 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
60   - RGB colour   60 sec scan  256 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
120  - RGB colour  120 sec scan  256 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
180  - RGB colour  180 sec scan  256 lines&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=SSTV_Modes&amp;diff=1002</id>
		<title>SSTV Modes</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=SSTV_Modes&amp;diff=1002"/>
		<updated>2008-04-01T04:20:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: Do proper interwiki linking&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Some SSTV mode details&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the lists below:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
BW = Black and White&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
RGB = Red, Green and Blue parts of the image are sent separately and combined by the receiving software.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
YC = Pics are sent as a combination of [[Wikipedia:Luminance|Luminance (Y) and [[Wikipedia:Chrominance|Chominance (C)]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== AVT ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
24  - RGB colour  24 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
90  - RGB colour  90 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
94  - RGB colour  94 sec scan  200 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
125 - RGB BW     125 sec scan  400 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Martin ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
M1  - RGB colour  114 sec scan  240 lines &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
M2  - RGB colour   58 sec scan  240 lines  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
M3  - RGB colour   57 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
M4  - RGB colour   29 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
HQ1 - YC colour    90 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
	                &lt;br /&gt;
HQ2 - YC colour   112 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pasokon TV ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P3  - RGB colour  203 sec scan  16+480 lines  High resolution&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P5  - RGB colour  305 sec scan  16+480 lines  High resolution&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P7  - RGB colour  406 sec scan  16+480 lines  High resolution&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== PD ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PD 240 - YC colour  248 sec scan  480 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PD 180 - YC colour  187 sec scan  480 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PD 160 - YC colour  161 sec scan  384 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PD 120 - YC colour  126 sec scan  480 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
PD 90  - YC colour   90 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Robot ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
8   - BW   8 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
12  - BW  12 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
24  - BW  24 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
36  - BW  36 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
12  - YC colour   12 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
24  - YC colour   24 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
36  - YC colour   36 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
72  - YC colour   72 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Scottie ==&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
S1  - RGB colour  110 sec scan  240 lines  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
S2  - RGB colour   71 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
S3  - RGB colour   55 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
S4  - RGB colour   36 sec scan  120 lines&lt;br /&gt;
	                &lt;br /&gt;
DX  - RGB colour  269 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Wrasse ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;SC-1 &#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
24   - RGB colour   24 sec scan  120 lines &lt;br /&gt;
	                &lt;br /&gt;
48   - RGB colour   48 sec scan  240 lines &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
96   - RGB colour   96 sec scan  240 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;SC-2&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
30   - RGB colour   30 sec scan  128 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
60   - RGB colour   60 sec scan  256 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
120  - RGB colour  120 sec scan  256 lines&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
180  - RGB colour  180 sec scan  256 lines&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Slow-Scan_Television_(SSTV)&amp;diff=1001</id>
		<title>Slow-Scan Television (SSTV)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Slow-Scan_Television_(SSTV)&amp;diff=1001"/>
		<updated>2008-04-01T04:14:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: /* SSTV Software */ Minor syntax tweak&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;SSTV is a mode that uses a computer and an amateur radio transceiver to send and receive still images over radio. SSTV was originally an analogue mode based on Frequency Modulation (FM). Digital SSTV has become possible with little trouble in recent times with the use of Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM).  Despite the name &amp;quot;television&amp;quot;, SSTV cannot send or receive moving pictures; it is more akin to sending a FAX.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For SSTV to work, an image is &amp;quot;broken&amp;quot; into lines, composed of dots of colour and light intensity known as pixels. Each pixel is given a specific audio frequency ( that modulates the carrier) depending on its brightness. In a colour image, each of the primary colours, red green and blue are analysed for brightness.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The lines of a picture are scanned from left to right. The modulating frequency varies between 1500Hz and 2300 Hz. There are a number of modes used for SSTV - see below for information. Computer software attaches a Vertical Interval Signaling (VIS) code at the start of a picture being sent. this enables receiving software to determine which mode is being used, and hence permits successful   decoding of the signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The colour and brightness information modulates a carrier wave for transmission. A remote station picks up the signal and a computer is used to re-create the picture from the FM signal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
SSTV should not be confused with amateur [[Fast-Scan Television (ATV)|Fast-Scan Television]], often simply called Amateur Television or ATV.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== SSTV History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* 1957 - Copthorn Macdonald develops the fundamental concepts behind SSTV&lt;br /&gt;
* 1958 - First Electrostatic P7 monitor built by Macdonald&lt;br /&gt;
* 1958 - Macdonald creates the first SSTV Camera using special Westinghouse 7290 vidicon &lt;br /&gt;
* 1960 - FCC Grants a Special Temporary Authorization (STA) to send SSTVG in the USA, limited to those who Macdonald had given 7290 vidicons&lt;br /&gt;
* 1967 - Magnetic Deflection, transistorized P7 monitor was developed&lt;br /&gt;
* 1968 - WB8DQT &amp;amp; K7YZZ develop and build the &amp;quot;Flying Spot Scanner&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* 1968 - SSTV with standard vidicons, WB8DQT, K7YZZ&lt;br /&gt;
* 1968 - FCC makes SSTV legal for advanced class hams (USA).&lt;br /&gt;
* 1969 - W9NTP builds the sampling camera&lt;br /&gt;
* 1970 - W7FEN uses [[Modes#Double-Sideband Modulation (DSB)|double sideband]] SSTV providing simultaneous voice and SSTV (voice on lower sideband, SSTV on upper sideband) for the first time&lt;br /&gt;
* 1970 - WB8DQT, W2DD send the first color SSTV pictures using Polaroid camera, RGB filters and Py monitors - &lt;br /&gt;
* 1970 - First commercial SSTV system with Robot 70 monitor &amp;amp; Robot 80 camera&lt;br /&gt;
* 1971 - W7ABW uses plumbicons from TV stations for the SSTV camera&lt;br /&gt;
* 1972 - W0LMD builds the first SSTV keyboard integrated circuit unit &lt;br /&gt;
* 1972 - W9NPT,WB8DQT publish  the &amp;quot;SSTV Handbook&amp;quot;, &lt;br /&gt;
* 1973 - W6MXV &amp;amp; W0LMD build a Camera Scan Converter using a TV camera&lt;br /&gt;
* 1973 - W9NTP &amp;amp; SM0BUO use Double vidicon tubes to provide bright SSTV pictures on TV monitors&lt;br /&gt;
* 1974 - WB9LVI, W6MXV, &amp;amp;W0LMD build the Receiving SSTV Shift Register Scan Converter&lt;br /&gt;
* 1975 - W9NTP develops the three color shift register scan converter, &lt;br /&gt;
* 1975 - Robot 300 is achieved using Princeton vidicons&lt;br /&gt;
* 1976 - W9NTP uses colour wheel filters for SSTV receive/transmit Scan Converter &lt;br /&gt;
* 1976 - W9LMD, WB9LVI build RAM SSTV scan converters\&lt;br /&gt;
* 1976 - Solid state RAM Robot 400 obsoletes Robot Model 300&lt;br /&gt;
* 1977 - W0LMD uses a Persona Computer 1st used to send &amp;amp; receive SSTV &lt;br /&gt;
* 1978 - FCC grants KHZ, W0LMD Special Temporary Authorization (STA) to send Medium Scan Television&lt;br /&gt;
* 1979 - W0LMD achieves the 1st moving TV from USA to Europe without cable or satellite &lt;br /&gt;
* 1980 - W0LMD develops ingle frame color &lt;br /&gt;
* 1984 - Robot 1200 provides commercial single frame color, Multiple Analog Components (MAC) method&lt;br /&gt;
* 1984 - K6AEP, WB8DQT achieve SSTV using the Radio Shack Color Computer &lt;br /&gt;
* 1993 - Pasokon PC based software &amp;amp; hardware boards for SSTV &lt;br /&gt;
* 1995 - PC DOS based software &amp;amp; an operational amplifier interface for SSTV marketed&lt;br /&gt;
* 1997 - PC Windows &amp;amp; Sound Blaster based SSTV software marketed&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== SSTV Modes ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A  number of SSTV modes are available for amateurs to use. The most popular at time of writing (Feb 2008) are AVT, Martin, Robot and Scottie. More information on the characteristics of these modes can be found [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slow-scan_television#Modes here.]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Brief details of scan time, lines and colour transmission of some modes can be found on this[[SSTV Modes]] wiki page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== SSTV Nets and Frequencies ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click here [[SSTV frequencies]] for an up-to date list&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== SSTV Software ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Related wiki page [[SSTV_software|SSTV software]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://mmhamsoft.amateur-radio.ca/mmsstv/ MMSSTV] for windows computers. A versatile and easy to use program. It can handle all the common modes, but users have access to a number of lesser used modes such as [http://www.obriensweb.com/narrowsstv.htm MP73-N] which is allowing amateurs to use sstv on the 30m band where previously it was restricted by band definitions.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://users.telenet.be/on4qz/qsstv/index.html QSSTV] for Linux users. This is a relatively new program. The source code is available under the GNU license.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== SSTV webcam page - how to==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
SSTV Webcam pages are used to show other hams what pictures have been received over a period of time at your shack. They are quite straightforward to create and plenty of help is available online.&lt;br /&gt;
Firstly, join the [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ftp_widget/ FTP_widget ] Yahoo group. Members have access to html code for web pages. Use a website tool such as [http://www.adobe.com/ap/products/dreamweaver/?sdid=BDMFB Dreamweaver] to create a webcam page, and then add the html code from the yahoo group to it. An example of a page using this code can be found [http://www.timroberts-vk4yeh.id.au/australian%20webcams.htm here. ] Upload the webcam page into your website. Next, download the ftp widget from [http://ke5rs.com/john/software/index.html KE5RS], and install it it on your PC. This widget collects pictures from a nominated folder and uploads them into the webcam page.  The yahoo group also offers a good pdf tutorial on how to configure the widget for [http://mmhamsoft.amateur-radio.ca/mmsstv/ MMSSTV.] The software runs only on PC&#039;s.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
World SSTV webcams can be found with the links below:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://sstv.webcindario.com/cam/wwsstv.html from CX2APB] webcams from around the world&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.worldsstv.com/ from KE5RS] more webcams from around the world&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://home.exetel.com.au/vk2qq/Gallery.html from VK2QQ] - a mixture of Australian and world webcam&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.timroberts-vk4yeh.id.au/australian%20webcams.htm from VK4YEH]  Australian webcams&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.on7kei.be/wwsstvservers.html from ON7KEI] Also has EU webcams [http://www.on7kei.be/2007europe-sstv.html here.]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
HTML code for an SSTV page can be found [http://www.timroberts-vk4yeh.id.au/downloadable%20files.htm here]. Scroll down to &amp;quot;other Files&amp;quot; for the link.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== SSTV with a Macintosh computer ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article describes the use of a 1,8GHz G5 with1.5GB Ram and running OS 10.4.11. This machine comes with the facility to run two monitors, which proved to be very useful for SSTV.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Software&#039;&#039;&#039; There are currently two SSTV programs available for the mac. [http://homepage.mac.com/WebObjects/FileSharing.woa/wa/default?user=kd6cji&amp;amp;templatefn=FileSharing11.html&amp;amp;xmlfn=TKDocument.11.xml&amp;amp;sitefn=RootSite.xml&amp;amp;aff=consumer&amp;amp;cty=US&amp;amp;lang=en Macrobot] from Sergei Ludanov KD6CJI and [http://www.blackcatsystems.com/software/multimodeOSX.html Multimode] from Black Cat Systems.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Hardware&#039;&#039;&#039; Apart from the computer, an interface between computer and radio is required. Two commercially available interfaces have been used successfully with the computer described above and a Yaesu-FT-897, but undoubtedly others will work just as well. The Digimaster from [http://www.g4zlp.co.uk/index.shtml ZLP Electronics] and the Signalink USB from [http://www.tigertronics.com/slusbmain.htm Tigertronics] are both plug and play devices.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Setup&#039;&#039;&#039; Two monitors were used in this setup. Macrobot proved to be much easier to use for TX, whereas Multimode proved to be better for RX. This is because Macrobot did not seem to be as sensitive to weak signals and so RX detection stopped when the signals varied in strength. This problem was never resolved by the writer, hence the use of both software programs. The TX interface and setup in Multimode was not found to be as easy to use as for Macrobot.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Repeater_listings&amp;diff=929</id>
		<title>Repeater listings</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Repeater_listings&amp;diff=929"/>
		<updated>2008-03-14T10:44:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: /* General Repeater listing */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The following page lists official and unofficial repeater database listings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Related wiki pages [[D-Star]], [[IRLP]], [[Echolink]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=EchoLink Repeater listing=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.echolink.org/logins.jsp Current Logins] page on echolink.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=IRLP Repeater listing=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.irlp.net/google.html Map in Google Earth] ([http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;geocode=&amp;amp;q=http:%2F%2Fwww.irlp.net%2Fsetup-irlp.kml&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;z=0 Google Maps link])&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://status.irlp.net/ Network summary]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://status.irlp.net/statuspage.html Status page]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=General Repeater listing=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.wia.org.au/members/repeaters/data VK Repeater Data] -- on the [http://www.wia.org.au WIA Website]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://ham.longlandclan.yi.org Amateur Repeater Map] (Work In Progress) -- Presently lists almost all repeaters in Australia, as well as some IRLP and EchoLink nodes from around the world.  See [http://ham.longlandclan.yi.org/about.html this page] for more information.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Radio_and_Repeater_Control&amp;diff=460</id>
		<title>Radio and Repeater Control</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Radio_and_Repeater_Control&amp;diff=460"/>
		<updated>2008-02-25T10:27:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: Added some software for controlling EchoLink nodes&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Here, you&#039;ll find a collection of software for controlling radios and repeaters.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=EchoLink Repeaters=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.echolink.org EchoLink] -- EchoLink client and link/repeater server.&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;Platform:&#039;&#039; Windows (32-bit)&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;License:&#039;&#039; Proprietary&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;Cost:&#039;&#039; Free&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://svxlink.sourceforge.net svxlink suite] -- Open source EchoLink utilities&lt;br /&gt;
** Includes:&lt;br /&gt;
*** Qtel -- GUI (Qt-based) EchoLink client application&lt;br /&gt;
*** svxlink -- EchoLink repeater/link server&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;Platform:&#039;&#039; POSIX compliant&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;License:&#039;&#039; GPL/LGPL&lt;br /&gt;
** &#039;&#039;Cost:&#039;&#039; Free&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Software&amp;diff=459</id>
		<title>Software</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Software&amp;diff=459"/>
		<updated>2008-02-25T10:21:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: New category&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Antenna Design]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Circuit Design]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[CW]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Logging]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Radio and Repeater Control]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[SSTV]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Tower design]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Website Creation]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Widgets]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=User:Redhatter&amp;diff=458</id>
		<title>User:Redhatter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=User:Redhatter&amp;diff=458"/>
		<updated>2008-02-25T10:18:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Stuart Longland, VK4FSJL&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Contactable via:&lt;br /&gt;
* Mt. Coot-tha Repeater, VK4RBC: 438.525MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
* Mt. Glorious Repeater, VK4RBN: 147.000MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
or see [http://dev.gentoo.org/~redhatter/ my website] for further contact details.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=User:Redhatter&amp;diff=457</id>
		<title>User:Redhatter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=User:Redhatter&amp;diff=457"/>
		<updated>2008-02-25T10:18:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: New page: Stuart Longland Callsign: VK4FSJL  Contactable via: * Mt. Coot-tha Repeater, VK4RBC: 438.525MHz FM * Mt. Glorious Repeater, VK4RBN: 147.000MHz FM  or see [http://dev.gentoo.org/~redhatter/...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Stuart Longland&lt;br /&gt;
Callsign: VK4FSJL&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Contactable via:&lt;br /&gt;
* Mt. Coot-tha Repeater, VK4RBC: 438.525MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
* Mt. Glorious Repeater, VK4RBN: 147.000MHz FM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
or see [http://dev.gentoo.org/~redhatter/ my website] for further contact details.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Repeater_listings&amp;diff=456</id>
		<title>Repeater listings</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Repeater_listings&amp;diff=456"/>
		<updated>2008-02-25T10:06:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: Linker information&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The following page lists official and unofficial repeater database listings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=EchoLink Repeater listing=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.echolink.org/logins.jsp Current Logins] page on echolink.org&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=IRLP Repeater listing=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.irlp.net/google.html Map in Google Earth] ([http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;geocode=&amp;amp;q=http:%2F%2Fwww.irlp.net%2Fsetup-irlp.kml&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;z=0 Google Maps link])&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://status.irlp.net/ Network summary]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://status.irlp.net/statuspage.html Status page]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=General Repeater listing=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.wia.org.au/members/repeaters/data VK Repeater Data] -- on the [http://www.wia.org.au WIA Website]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://ham.longlandclan.yi.org Amateur Repeater Map] (Work In Progress) -- Presently lists almost all repeaters in Australia, planning to include IRLP/EchoLink/DStar node details and eventually provide the means for editing/adding repeaters and QSO logging.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Websites&amp;diff=455</id>
		<title>Websites</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Websites&amp;diff=455"/>
		<updated>2008-02-25T09:51:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: /* Please note */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Related wiki pages are [[Associations]] and [[Clubs]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Please note ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When contributing websites to these pages, it is much more useful to users if some brief information is included about what the site has to offer. Added information also helps when users are making use of the search function on this site.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Contest devoted sites]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[DX devoted sites]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Logging sites]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Manuals]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Manufacturers Websites]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Personal Ham Radio Websites]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Repeater listings]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Reviews of ham radio gear]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Special Interest websites]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Webrings]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wikis]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Australia_-_Personal_Sites&amp;diff=454</id>
		<title>Australia - Personal Sites</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://wiki.hamtools.org/index.php?title=Australia_-_Personal_Sites&amp;diff=454"/>
		<updated>2008-02-25T09:49:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Redhatter: /* VK4 Queensland */ Added a link to my site&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== VK1 Australian Capital Territory==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== VK2 New South Wales ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://vk2fqzl.tooraweenah.com/ VK2FQZL - James] - Linux Hacker in the Bush&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.sydneystormcity.com/ VK2TDN - Dave] - With subpages on Stormchasing, Amateur Radio, Seismlogy and Astronomy&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.vk2hes.teviot.net/ VK2HES - Adrian] - Amateur Radio Stuff &amp;amp; related Information including some Home Brew&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== VK3 Victoria ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== VK4 Queensland ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://stuartl.longlandclan.yi.org/blog/category/amateur-radio/ VK4FSJL - Stuart] from Brisbane, Australia.  Administrator of the [http://ham.longlandclan.yi.org Amateur Repeater database]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://vk4radio.info/ VK4XZ - Bill] - repeater co-ordinator for Queensland&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://timroberts-vk4yeh.id.au VK4YEH - Tim] from Brisbane Australia&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== VK5 South Australia ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== VK6 Western Australia ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== VK7 Tasmania ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www2.vk7ax.id.au/ VK7AX - Tony] - N/West Tassie&#039;s Premier Amateur Radio Station&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== VK8 Northern Territory ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== VK9 Australian Territories ==&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Redhatter</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>