SSTV
SSTV About
SSTV is a mode that uses a computer and an amateur radio transceiver to send and receive images over radio. SSTV was originally an analogue mode based on Frequency Modulation (FM). Digital SSTV has become possible with little trouble in recent times with the use of Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM).
For SSTV to work, an image is "broken" into lines, composed of dots of colour and light intensity known as pixels. Each pixel is given a specific audio frequency ( that modulates the carrier) depending on its brightness. In a colour image, each of the primary colours, red green and blue are analysed for brightness.
The lines of a picture are scanned from left to right. The modulating frequency varies between 1500Hz and 2300 Hz. There are a number of modes used for SSTV - see below for information. Computer software attaches a Vertical Interval Signaling (VIS) code at the start of a picture being sent. this enables receiving software to determine which mode is being used, and hence permits successful decoding of the signal.
The colour and brightness information modulates a carrier wave for transmission. A remote station picks up the signal and a computer is used to re-create the picture from the FM signal.
SSTV History
SSTV Modes
A number of SSTV modes are available for amateurs to use. The most popular at time of writing (Feb 2008) are AVT, Martin, Robot and Scottie. More information on the characteristics of these modes can be found here.
Brief details of scan time, lines and colour transmission of some modes can be found below.
In the lsits below:
BW = Black and White RGB = Red, Green and Blue parts of the image are sent separately and combined by the receiving software. YC = Pics are sent as a combination of Luminance [1](Y) and Chominance [2](C)
AVT
24 - RGB colour 24 sec scan 120 lines
90 - RGB colour 90 sec scan 240 lines
94 - RGB colour 94 sec scan 200 lines
125 - RGB BW 125 sec scan 400 lines
Martin
M1 - RGB colour 114 sec scan 240 lines
M2 - RGB colour 58 sec scan 240 lines
M3 - RGB colour 57 sec scan 120 lines
M4 - RGB colour 29 sec scan 120 lines
HQ1 - YC colour 90 sec scan 240 lines
HQ2 - YC colour 112 sec scan 240 lines
Pasokon TV
P3 - RGB colour 203 sec scan 16+480 lines High resolution
P5 - RGB colour 305 sec scan 16+480 lines High resolution
P7 - RGB colour 406 sec scan 16+480 lines High resolution
PD
PD 240 - YC colour 248 sec scan 480 lines
PD 180 - YC colour 187 sec scan 480 lines
PD 160 - YC colour 161 sec scan 384 lines
PD 120 - YC colour 126 sec scan 480 lines
PD 90 - YC colour 90 sec scan 240 lines
Robot
8 - BW 8 sec scan 120 lines
12 - BW 12 sec scan 120 lines
24 - BW 24 sec scan 240 lines
36 - BW 36 sec scan 240 lines
12 - YC colour 12 sec scan 120 lines
24 - YC colour 24 sec scan 120 lines
36 - YC colour 36 sec scan 240 lines
72 - YC colour 72 sec scan 240 lines
Scottie
S1 - RGB colour 110 sec scan 240 lines
S2 - RGB colour 71 sec scan 240 lines
S3 - RGB colour 55 sec scan 120 lines
S4 - RGB colour 36 sec scan 120 lines
DX - RGB colour 269 sec scan 240 lines
Wrasse
SC-1
24 - RGB colour 24 sec scan 120 lines
48 - RGB colour 48 sec scan 240 lines
96 - RGB colour 96 sec scan 240 lines
SC-2
30 - RGB colour 30 sec scan 128 lines
60 - RGB colour 60 sec scan 256 lines
120 - RGB colour 120 sec scan 256 lines
180 - RGB colour 180 sec scan 256 lines
SSTV Nets and Frequenies
Click here SSTV frequencies for an up-to date list
SSTV Software
Related wiki page [SSTV software]
- MMSSTV for windows computers. A versatile and easy to use program. It can handle all the common modes, but users have access to a number of lesser used modes such as MP73-N which is allowing amateurs to use sstv on the 30m band where previously it was restricted by band definitions.
- QSSTV for Linux users. This is a relatively new program. The source code is available under the GNU license.
SSTV webcam page - how to
SSTV Webcam pages are used to show other hams what pictures have been received over a period of time at your shack. They are quite straightforward to create and plenty of help is available online. Firstly, join the FTP_widget Yahoo group. Members have access to html code for web pages. Use a website tool such as Dreamweaver to create a webcam page, and then add the html code from the yahoo group to it. An example of a page using this code can be found here. Upload the webcam page into your website. Next, download the ftp widget from KE5RS, and install it it on your PC. This widget collects pictures from a nominated folder and uploads them into the webcam page. The yahoo group also offers a good pdf tutorial on how to configure the widget for MMSSTV. The software runs only on PC's.
World SSTV webcams can be found with the links below:
- from CX2APB webcams from around the world
- from KE5RS more webcams from around the world
- from VK2QQ - a mixture of Australian and world webcam
- from VK4YEH Australian webcams
- from ON7KEI Also has EU webcams here.
HTML code for an SSTV page can be found here. Scroll down to "other Files" for the link.
SSTV with a Macintosh computer
This article describes the use of a 1,8GHz G5 with1.5GB Ram and running OS 10.4.11. This machine comes with the facility to run two monitors, which proved to be very useful for SSTV.
Software There are currently two SSTV programs available for the mac. Macrobot from Sergei Ludanov KD6CJI and Multimode from Black Cat Systems.
Hardware Apart from the computer, an interface between computer and radio is required. Two commercially available interfaces have been used successfully with the computer described above and a Yaesu-FT-897, but undoubtedly others will work just as well. The Digimaster from ZLP Electronics and the Signalink USB from Tigertronics are both plug and play devices.
Setup Two monitors were used in this setup. Macrobot proved to be much easier to use for TX, whereas Multimode proved to be better for RX. This is because Macrobot did not seem to be as sensitive to weak signals and so RX detection stopped when the signals varied in strength. This problem was never resolved by the writer, hence the use of both software programs. The TX interface and setup in Multimode was not found to be as easy to use as for Macrobot.